I have learned that religion was divided into two and this was the Polytheism means believe in two or more gods and the Monotheism means that believe in only one god. The kinds of Monotheism religion was the Judiasm, christianism, and the Islam.

I have learned that the conflict that we mean to pursuit of incompatible goals by different groups. Peacemaking is the sense of moving towards settlement of armed conflict. Peace-enforcement is the imposition of the settlement by a peaceful third party. 

According to Mr. Rosana a schematic life cycle conflict sees a progression from peaceful social change to conflict and then the conflict transformation and to peaceful social change.

In this topic i have learned that in symmetric conflict to structure is such the top dog always win, the under dog always loses. The only way to resolve the conflict is to change the structure, but this an never be in the interest of top dog. So there are no win-win outcomes, and the third party has to join forces with the underdog to bring about a resolution.  

Last meeting Mr. Rosana discussed that prisoner Dilemma is a simple representation in game theory, that clearly illustrate the tendency for contending strategies to end in lose-lose outcomes. The entry of a third party may change the conflict structure and allow a different pattern of communication enabling the third party to filter or reflect back the message, attitudes and behavior of the conflictant.      

According to my Prof. the hourglass represents the narrowing of political space that characterizes conflict escalation, and the widening of political space that characterizes conflict de-escalation. Conflict transformation is seen to encompass the deepest levels of culture and structural peacebuilding.

Last meeting Dr. Rosana discussed that conflict resolution as a defined specialist field has come of age in the post Cold War era. It has also come face to face with fundamental new challenges, it was started in the 1950s and 1960s.